Analysis of Guy de Maupassants Old Mother Savage

Analysis of Guy de Maupassants Old Mother Savage We are all taught that our identity lies in the roles we play throughout life, in other words, in our actions. William Shakespeare wrote, All the worlds a stage / And all the men and women merely players. / They have their exits and their entrances... (As You Like It, II, vii). Whenever people act outside of their parts; whenever we miss our entrance, our identity is challenged. This can be seen everyday in all walks of life and in all arenas. For example, a teen father who takes responsibility for his child is look upon with surprised admiration while a teen mother is look up with distain for becoming pregnant in the first place. Placing standards and expectations upon people can be†¦show more content†¦Victoire is alone. She knows her duty but has no one to perform it for save for herself. Her life consists of go[ing] to the village once a week, to buy herself bread and a little meat; then get back home at once (p. 161). She does only what is necessary to keep herself ali ve until she can resume her duty as mother. In her mind there is nothing else for her--no gossiping with the village ladies; no sewing a new garment for herself; no cups of tea with a neighbor. Her world ceases to function without her duty to her son. The death stroke to her identity began with the arrival of the Prussians. She is required to billet four of the occupying German soldiers, since she was known to be well off (p. 161). These young men, about the same age as her son would clean up the kitchen, scrub the flagstones, chop wood, peel potatoes, wash the house-linen--do, in fact, all the housework, as four good sons might do for their mother (p. 161). She would cook and mend for them, as a good mother would do. She still had a purpose--to be a mother even if it was to surrogate sons. For a month these soldiers are sons not enemies then she receives word that her son has been killed in the war. Suddenly, her world is shattered without her son she has lost her last shred of purpose. The gendarmes had killed the father, the Prussians had killed the son...and

Ida B. Wells Barnett - 1721 Words

During the American Progressive Era, generally regarded as the late 1800s and early 1900s, many ideals were changing among the American people. During this period, which closely followed the end of the civil war, there was an especially great amount of change in what was considered an appropriate way of conducting oneself, especially if one happened to be a black woman. Ida B. Wells-Barnett, an African-American activist who was particularly outspoken on the inhumanity and barbarism of public lynching, can be used as an excellent primary source exemplifying how black women in the progressive era felt that they were expected to be presented. As well as identifying the roles and visions of women in this period, Ida B. Wells-Barnett is an example of a women who broke many barriers, exceeding the limitations put on her by the social constructs of her race and gender. During this period in American history there were strong views held by the majority of society about how black women were supposed to conduct themselves. There was a strong patriarchal dominance over black women, with the subordinance of women being greatly influenced by the remnants of slavery. Since men were so fiercely controlled during slavery, often not allowed much contact with their families, and very strict regulations surrounding their sexual relationships with their wives, much of the masculinity of the men seemed to be stripped away by their masters. After being freed, many black men felt the need toShow MoreRelatedThe Lynching Of Lynching, By Ida B. Wells Barnett1392 Words   |  6 PagesIda B. Wells-Barnett: The Lynching of Lynching During the latter 19th and early 20th centuries racism and racial segregation were considerable problems. Mob violence, including lynchings were responsible for the deaths of thousands of black men, women and children, often for crimes they had no part in or which were not even committed. Ida B. Wells-Barnett was born into slavery by James and Elizabeth Wells during the Civil War. She attended Rust College, which was partly founded by her father inRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Ida B. Wells Barnett, Booker T. Washington1070 Words   |  5 Pagesracial issues in America were Ida B. Wells-Barnett, Booker T. Washington, and W.E.B. DuBois; all of whom contributed in the fight for racial equality in their own way. On July, 16, 1863, Ida B. Wells-Barnett, commonly known as Ida B. Wells was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi. Her father, James Wells, was a master carpenter whom became interested in politics after the Civil War. Her mother, Elizabeth Wells, was a cook and described as a very strict religious woman. Ida was the eldest of eight childrenRead MoreIda B. Wells Barnett2089 Words   |  9 PagesIda B. Wells-Barnett is the author of A Red Record. Within her work she included tabulated statistics and alleged causes of lynching in the United States. Wells was known for her passion for justice. â€Å"It was in Memphis where she first began to fight (literally) for racial and gender justice† , stated Lee Baker. Wells was asked by a conductor of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company to give up her seat to a white man and move to the smoker portion of the train. She refused, which then led to herRead MoreA Red Record, By Ida B. Wells Barnett847 Words   |  4 Pagesa woman; piet y, purity, domesticity, and submissiveness. However, this was not the case when it came to black women. They were not able to exemplify the expected worldview of womanhood due to their circumstances. In A Red Record, written by Ida B. Wells-Barnett, the issue of chivalry and virtue is presented to the reader. In this specific case, the author is speaking of virtue in the sense of purity. â€Å" Virtue knows no color line, and the chivalry which depends upon complexion of skin and texture ofRead MoreEssay on Ida B. Wells529 Words   |  3 Pages Ida B. Wells Ida B. Wells (1862-1931) was a newspaper editor and journalist who went on to lead the American anti-lynching crusade. Working closely with both African-American community leaders and American suffragists, Wells worked to raise gender issues within the quot;Race Questionquot; and race issues within the quot;Woman Question.quot; Wells was born the daughter of slaves in Holly Springs, Mississippi, on July 16, 1862. During Reconstruction, she was educated at a Missouri Freedmans SchoolRead MoreIda Wells-Barnett And Southern Horrors1420 Words   |  6 PagesIda Wells-Barnett was born on July 16. 1862 in Holly Springs, Mississippi, just months before her plantation slave parents were declared free when the Emancipation Proclamation took effect on January 1st, 1863. Although all slaves in the South were freed, all blacks were met with prejudice in every way possible. Because of the deeply rooted racism and dehumanization of blacks in the â€Å"new South†, and the lynching’s of some of her closest friends, Wells-Barnett was compelled to write and publish SouthernRead MoreMississippi Mavens Stand Against Racism, Injustice, and Segregation644 Words   |  3 Pagesto achieve the American Dream. Ida B. Wells, Ruby Bridges, and Oprah Winfrey each fought for equality of African-Americans in different ways and different time periods, but each has made a major impact on Mississippi and elsewhere in the United States. Ida B. Wells was born in Holy Springs, Mississippi on July 16, 1862. Ida was born into slavery. Ida’s father served on the board of trustees for Rust College so he made education a priority for his 7 children. Ida received early schooling but sheRead MoreAfrican American Women During The Civil War1137 Words   |  5 Pageswill exemplify three special women, all the while providing background, some life achievements and details of their last years. These women are Ida Wells, Isabella Baumfree (A.K.A Sojourner Truth) and Harriet Tubman. All African American abolitionist who fought endlessly for the civil rights owed to them as Americans, free citizens and humans. Ida Wells, a woman born a slave in Holly Springs, Mississippi, before the close of the Civil War on 16 July 1862. Some six months later Abraham Lincoln passedRead MoreEssay The Life and Achievemets of Ida B. Wells2601 Words   |  11 PagesIda B. Wells-Barnett dedicated her life to social justice and equality. She devoted her tremendous energies to building the foundations of African-American progress in business, politics, and law. Wells-Barnett was a key participant in the formation of the National Association of Colored Women as well as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). She spoke eloquently in support of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The legacies of these organizationsRead MoreCharlotte Perkins Gilman, Ida B. Wells Barnett and the Fight for Fairness and Equality for Undocumented Immigrants2243 Words   |  9 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman, Ida B. Wells Barnett and the Fight for Fairness and Equality for Undoc umented Immigrants Kristin Fine The women founders of sociological theory made it possible for women and members of other marginalized communities to gain access to the rights and privileges their white male counterparts enjoyed for centuries. In particular, the incredible lives of Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Ida B. Wells-Barnett allowed new avenues of academia and social change that had not previously

Advanced Data Structure Project Free Essays

CSCI4117 Advanced Data Structure Project Proposal Yejia Tong/B00537881 2012. 11. 5 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Advanced Data Structure Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now Title of Project Succinct data structure in top-k documents retrieval 2. Objective of Research The main aim of this project is to discover how to efficiently find the k documents where a given pattern occurs most frequently. While the problem has been discussed in many papers and solved in various ways, our research is to look for the novel algorithms and (succinct) data structures among lately related materials and find the one dominating almost all the space/time tradeoff. 3. Background/History of the Study Before we beigin our aim to find a such a succinct data structure, there are a number of fundamental works in our approach. There exist two main among many ideas in classic information retrieval: inverted index and term frequency. (Angelos, Giannis, Epimeneidis, Euripides, Evangelos, 2005) The inverted index is a also referred to as postings file, which is an index dara structure storing a mapping from content. It is the most utilized data structure in the Information Retrieval domain, used on a large scale for example in search engines. Term frequency is a measure of how often a term is found in a collection of documents. However, there are restricted assumptions for the efficiency of the ideas: the text must be easily tokenized into words, there must not be too many different words, and queries must be whole words or phrases, causing lots of difficulty in the document retrieval via various languages. Moreover, one of the attractive properties of an inverted file is that it is easily compressible while still supporting fast queries. In practice, an inverted file occupies space close to that if a compressed document collection. Niko Veli, 2007) In further development, people find efficient data structures such as suffix arrays and suffix trees (full-text indexes) providing good space/time efficiency to inverted files. Recently, several compressed full-text indexes have been proposed and show effective in practice as well. A generalized suffix tree is a suffix tree for a set of strings. Given the set of strings D = S (1), S(2), †¦ S(n) of total length n, it is a Patricia tree containing all n suffixes of the strings. It can be built in time and space, and can be used to find all k occurrences of a string P of length m in   time. Bieganski, 1994) Then, we now get close to our original motivation – the Document Retrieval. Matias et al. gave the first efficient solution to the Document Listing problem; with O(n) time preprocessing of a collection D of document s d(1), d(2), †¦ d(k) of total length Sum[d(i)] = n, they could answer the document listing query on a pattern P of length m in time. (Y. , S. , S. , J. , 1998) The algorithm uses a generalized suffix tree augmented with extra edges making it a directed acyclic graph. However, it requires bits, which is significantly more than the collection size. Later on, Niko V. and Veli M. in their paper present an alternative space-efficient variant of Muthukrishnan’s structure that takes bits, with optimal time. (Niko Veli, 2007) Based on the background study, we finally move advance to our intensive topic – Succinct data structure in top-k documents retrieval. 4. Research to the Study According to the background study above, the suffix tree is used to minimize the space consumption. In the suffix tree document model, a document is considered as a string consisting of words, not characters. During constructing the suffix tree, each suffix of a document is compared to all suffixes which exist in the tree already to find out a position for inserting it. Hon W. K. , Shah R. and Wu S. B. introduced the first efficient solution for the top-k document retrieval. (Hon, Shah, Wu, 2009) In order to get rid of too many noisy factors in the large collection, the algorithm adds a minimum term frequency as one of the parameters for highly relevant pattern P. Hon, Shah, Wu, 2009) Furthermore, they also developed the f-mine problem for the high relevancy, that only documents which have more than f occurrences of the pattern need to be retrieved. The notion of relevance here is simply the term frequency. In the later study, Hon W. K. , Shah R. and Wu S. B. achieved the study of â€Å"Efficient Index for Retrieving Top-k Most Frequent Documents† by driving the solution d erived from related problem by Muthukrishnan (Y. , S. , S. , J. , 1998), answering queries in time and taking space. The approach is based on a new use of the suffix tree called induced generalized suffix tree (IGST). (Hon, Shah, Wu, 2009) The practicality of the proposed index is validated by the experimental results. 5. Future Works Since all the fundamental works are settled, our futuer analysis of the â€Å"Succinct data structure in top-k documents retrieval† is mainly based on the most recently accomplishment by Gonzalo N. and Daniel V. (Gonzalo Daniel, 2012) , a New Top-k Algorithm dominating almost all the space/time tradeoff. . References Bibliography Angelos, H. , Giannis, V. , Epimeneidis, V. , Euripides, P. G. , Evangelos, M. (2005). Information Retrieval by Semantic Similarity. Dalhousie University, Faculty of Computer Science. Halifax: None. Bieganski, P. (1994). Generalized suffix trees for biological sequence data: applications and implementation. Minnesota University, Dept. of Comput. Sci. Minneapolis: None. Gonzalo, N. , Daniel, V. (2012). Space-Efficient Top-k Document Retrieval. Univ. of Chile, Dept. f Computer Science. Valdivia: None. Hon, W. K. , Shah, R. , Wu, S. B. (2009). Efficient INdex for Retrieving Top-k Most Frequenct Documents. None: Springer, Heidelberg. Niko, V. , Veli, M. (2007). Space-efficient Algorithms for Document Retrieval. University of Helsinki, Department of Computer Science. Finland: None. Y. , M. , S. , M. , S. , C. S. , J. , Z. (1998). Augmenting suffix trees with applications. 6th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 1998) (pp. 67-78). None: Springer-Verlag. How to cite Advanced Data Structure Project, Essay examples

Consumer Fraud free essay sample

Consumer fraud not only affects consumers and businesses but also the economy. According to the National Retail Security Survey, nearly 41% of the retail chain revenue loss was due to employees ( insert bibliography 2 ). The Federal Trade Commission was created in 1914; it has helped create many different policies for consumer protection rights. Some companies have a 100% satisfaction guarantee where customers can return items if they are unhappy, Bass Pro Shop would be an example. Consumer fraud is when a consumer is trying to achieve a gain from a company. Not all times the company can prove this type of fraud. Some acts of consumer fraud can be legally prosecuted such as shoplifting. A consumer that is tricking a company into an economic advantage and understands what they are doing is engaging in a guile activity, which is a type of consumer fraud ( insert bibliography 3 ). An example of a guile activity would be returning an already worn piece of clothing and getting the purchase amount back. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Fraud or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Consumer fraud can be clear to determine, but it can also be very difficult to see if there is not enough evidence to support the accusation. Consumers have become creative over the years to better manipulate companies to achieve the consumer’s gain. In 2005, the Federal Trade Commission reported, more than 25 million consumers annually engage in consumer fraud (insert bibliography 4). Because of the current economy consumer fraud reports have increased tremendously. Credit repair consumer fraud refers to paying someone to remove personal negative credit history, which is illegal in the United States. In 2004, the Federal Trade Commission surveyed random adults that claimed to have nearly 2. million incident reports of credit repair fraud ( insert bibliography 4). According to the Federal Trade Commission Survey of 2006, it was recorded that 30% of consumers did not complain to anyone about their report consumer fraud incident ( insert bibliography1). Most of the consumers who did file reports made them to the company or manufacturer when they were supposed to report them to the government for legal reasons. Governm ent and other companies, such as the Federal Trade Commission, are trying to decrease the amount of incidents regarding consumer fraud and the ability for individuals to engage in consumer fraud. Because the United States is currently in an economic depression, consumer fraud has risen to pay bills or find new ways to have an economic advantage. Consumers have also become more creative with acts of fraud, which makes it more difficult to prove whether the consumer engaged in the activity or not. There are various negative impacts from consumer fraud. Consumer fraud can negatively impact the reputation of a company by leading a customer into false acts. An example if this would be a company promising new customers a promotional gift for buying a product but then the consumer never gets the gift. But, if a consumer engages in collusion consumer fraud, an employee can be terminated for putting an item not purchase by the consumer in his or her bag or by giving the customer an unwarranted discount. Collusion consumer fraud is generally an accident on the employee’s part, but it can still result in the employee’s termination. Many companies want to create loyal customers, but if a customer sees another consumer get away with customer fraud, it might make that customer look at the company in a different, sometimes negative, manner. If a consumer creates a staged accident to gain money from a company, the consumer is engaging in duplicity consumer fraud. Duplicity consumer fraud can cause an economic turmoil for companies, but an economic advantage for that consumer. It creates a negative reputation for the company. Someone who engages in consumer fraud tends to only be focused on his or her personal outcome, such as economic gain, and not how it might affect other consumers, businesses, or the economy. Individual and organizations that engage in consumer fraud have multiple reasons, seen by them as positive reasons, for engaging in these deceitful activities. For the most part, consumers see the main positive reason for engaging in consumer fraud of achieving an economic advantage. , Some consumers lie to obtain age discounts or privileges. A consumer might lie to a company employee about his or her age to get a discounted movie ticket at the movie theater for a senior price. Consumer fraud is a highly unethical action by consumers. Consumer fraud not only steals from the companies but also other individuals. Consumer frauds entail an individual or organization to knowingly and intentionally deceive an organization for an economic advantage. Consumer fraud is unethical because some consumers know the difference between right and wrong, but they do not care because they just want their personal, economic gain. These consumers do not factor in the implications of their unethical behaviors and the impact that their behaviors have on other consumers, companies, and the economies. Because the United States economy is in a depression, many consumers see it as an opportunity to try to gain economic advantages over companies by engaging in consumer fraudulent activities. Although consumers intentionally engage in consumer fraud, they might have other motives for engaging in those consumer fraudulent activities. Federal Trade Commission. (2013, January 5). www. ftc. gov/ftc Ferrell, O. C. , amp; Fraedrich, J. (2012). Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making amp; Cases. South-Western Pub. Geis, G. , amp; Edelhertz, H. (1972). Criminal Law and Consumer Fraud: A Sociolegal View. Am. Crim. L. Rev. , 11, 989. Norrgard, L. E. , amp; Norrgard, J. M. (1998). Consumer fraud: A reference handbook (pp. 31-32). ABC-CLIO.